A Guide to Guatemala: The Jewel of Central America
Discover everything there is to know about Guatemala, the jewel of Central America. From exploring Mayan ruins to delicious cuisine, this guide will give you an unforgettable journey.
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Have you ever stumbled upon a place that feels like home, even though it's thousands of miles away from where you grew up? For me, that place is Guatemala. I have been fortunate enough to explore this country several times, and I can't help but fall more in love with it each time I visit.
Guatemala is one of those rare places that holds a special spot in my heart, where the hustle and bustle of everyday life melt away, and I can simply be. One of the reasons Guatemala holds such a profound significance for me is its ability to heal; I've found moments of clarity and peace that have helped me navigate life's uncertainties. It's a place where I've learned to embrace my true self, unburdened by expectations or judgments, surrounded by good people.
A Beginner’s Guide to Guatemala
I want to teach you everything there is to know about visiting Guatemala. So, I made this guide. I hope to share some of the magic I've experienced in Guatemala. Join me on a journey to uncover the beauty and authenticity of Guatemala, and perhaps, like me, you'll find yourself falling in love with this extraordinary place, too.
Pre-Travel Preparation
Before setting off on your journey to Guatemala, we must first do some pre-travel planning and preparations to ensure a smooth experience. Here's a simple overview of key considerations:
Always get reliable travel insurance when planning for any solo adventure. Unfortunately, my life as a digital nomad isn’t always just about enjoying tasty foods and beautiful sights. No matter how hard I prepare, sometimes the unexpected happens, and I have to be ready. That’s why I recommend Nomad Insurance by SafetyWing for anyone considering a life of travel.
Most visitors to Guatemala do not require a visa for stays of up to 90 days. However, checking visa requirements based on your nationality is essential before traveling.
Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay in Guatemala.
Carry printed or digital copies of important travel documents, including your passport, travel insurance, flight itinerary, and accommodation reservations.
While no specific vaccinations are required for entry into Guatemala, it's advisable to be up-to-date on routine vaccines.
While credit cards are accepted in major cities and tourist areas, it's advisable to carry cash for transactions in smaller towns and rural areas.
Set a daily budget based on your travel expenses, including accommodation, meals, transportation, and activities. Guatemala offers options for travelers on various budgets.
Pack a travel adapter and voltage converter for electronic devices, as Guatemala uses 110-volt electricity. Additionally, pack appropriate gear and clothing for specific activities, such as hiking boots for volcano treks or swimwear for visiting natural pools and beaches.
Travel Tip: Come up with some kind of system with a reliable source back home. For me, that’s my Nan. Although we don't talk on the phone often, we both know to text each other daily, even just to say hello. Not only does this put her at peace of mind, knowing I am alive, but it also lets me know she is safe and sound back home as well. A great option for keeping in contact back home is Airalo, which provides digital eSIMS for smartphones in countries all around the world. Rather than buying a physical SIM upon arrival or paying outrageous fees for an international carrier, Airalo does it all for you with simple ease.
Getting There
Navigating Guatemala's transportation system may require some patience and flexibility, but with a sense of adventure, you’ll have very few issues.
Guatemala's main international airport is La Aurora International Airport (GUA), located in Guatemala City. Other entry points include Mundo Maya International Airport (FRS) in Flores, near the Tikal ruins, and Ramón Villeda Morales International Airport (SAP) in San Pedro Sula, Honduras, for travelers entering from the west by land.
From La Aurora International Airport in Guatemala City, you can take taxis, Ubers, shuttle services, or private transfers to reach major destinations like Antigua, Panajachel (Lake Atitlán), and Flores (Tikal).
Taxis are readily available outside the airport terminals, but be sure to negotiate the fare beforehand or use official airport taxi services. To continue getting around the country, shuttles and transfers can easily be booked in most locations or through your accommodation. It’s honestly a lot easier to book these on arrival rather than in advance. They will be easy to find on arrival, plus they will benefit local communities.
Travel Tip: For accommodation options, check out Hostelworld. Hostelworld offers a wide range of hostels and accommodations that cater to your unique needs. Not only do hostels allow you to find an affordable accommodation spot, but they also host travelers from all over the world.
Weather and When to Visit
Guatemala experiences two primary seasons: the dry season (known as "verano" or summer) and the wet season (known as "invierno" or winter). The dry season runs from November to April, with sunny days, cooler temperatures, and clear skies. This season is ideal for outdoor activities and exploring natural attractions.
The wet season spans from May to October, bringing frequent rain showers and higher humidity. While the land becomes lush and green during this time, heavy rainfall can lead to muddy roads and limited access to certain areas.
The best time to visit Guatemala depends on your preferences and interests. The dry season (November to April) offers ideal conditions for sunny weather and outdoor adventures. The rainy season is a better fit for those looking to visit with fewer crowds; just be prepared for potential weather disruptions.
Those interested in experiencing cultural festivities may want to plan their visit around key events, such as Semana Santa (Holy Week) in Antigua. This week-long celebration of Easter Sunday features elaborate processions and religious celebrations.
Do your research ahead of time to plan around these festivals. I did not, and I regretted it. I visited during Semana Santa a few years ago and had no idea it was going on. Luckily, I didn’t have any problems, but I didn’t get to see as much as I did in Antigua due to higher crowds and my lack of patience.
Attractions and Activities
While Guatemala is small in size, it's jam-packed with culture, attractions, things to do, and cool destinations. While the obvious destinations of Antigua, Lake Atitlan, Semuc Chempay, and Guatemala City are pretty well known, there’s much more to Guatemala than meets the eye.
Historical Sites
Guatemala's history is evident in its historical sights, where ancient ruins, colonial architecture, and indigenous culture intertwine. Exploring these sites offers you a glimpse into the heritage and enduring legacy.
Tikal National Park and Mayan Ruins: Journey back in time to explore the ancient Mayan city of Tikal, nestled within the lush jungles of northern Guatemala. The UNESCO Heritage Site, Tikal National Park, is home to one of the most impressive archaeological sites in the Americas.
Antigua and its colonial architecture: Antigua Guatemala, another UNESCO World Heritage Site, is renowned for its well-preserved colonial architecture.
Discover sights such as the Cathedral of San José, the Palace of the Captains General, and the iconic Arco de Santa Catalina. Wander through charming courtyards, vibrant markets, and artisan workshops, where Guatemalan culture comes to life.
Lake Atitlán and surrounding villages: A personal favorite of mine is Lake Atitlan, often described as one of the most beautiful lakes in the world. Surrounded by volcanoes and picturesque villages, Lake Atitlán is one of the few places in the world that genuinely feels like home. You can visit indigenous villages such as San Marcos, San Pedro, and San Juan, where Mayan culture thrives.
Natural Wonders
Guatemala is blessed with an abundance of natural beauty. This offers you a chance to connect with nature and experience the wonder of Guatemala's ecosystems.
Volcano hiking: Strap on your hiking boots and explore Guatemala's iconic volcanoes. Volcán Pacaya, one of the country's most accessible volcanoes, offers a hike to its active crater, where you can witness lava flows and gorgeous views.
For a more challenging trek, consider hiking Volcán Acatenango. This mountain offers panoramic vistas of neighboring Volcán de Fuego and the surrounding valleys. Plus, camping overnight in Acatenango allows for an unforgettable sunrise!
Semuc Champey and its turquoise pools: Deep in the jungle, Semuc Champey is known for its turquoise pools and waterfalls. Hike to the viewpoint overlooking the pools for panoramic views of Semuc Champey. The area is also home to lush vegetation, wildlife, and opportunities for adventurous activities like tubing and cave exploration.
Rio Dulce and Livingston: Exploring the natural wonders of Rio Dulce and Livingston, where the river meets the sea, is a must-do while in Guatemala. Follow the scenic Rio Dulce as it winds its way through Guatemala's lowlands, passing mangrove forests, cliffs, and secluded coves along the way. At the mouth of the Rio Dulce lies the coastal town of Livingston, accessible only by boat.
Cultural Experiences
Guatemala is loaded with culture. From colorful markets to ancient ceremonies and flavorful coffee tours, there are plenty of opportunities to experience the authenticity of Guatemalan.
Indigenous markets: If you are a fan of markets like I am, step into a world of colors and lively activity at Guatemala's indigenous markets, such as Chichicastenango and Sololá. These are bustling hubs where locals gather to sell handmade crafts, textiles, fresh produce, and more. You can explore the stalls, interact with locals, and purchase unique souvenirs to bring home.
Traditional Mayan ceremonies: Another interesting aspect is the ancient traditions and spiritual practices of the Maya. One such ceremony is the cacao ceremony, where you gather to honor the sacred cacao plant and its significance in Maya culture. This was definitely an eye-opening experience and one that I highly recommend.
Coffee plantation tours: One of my personal favorite aspects; coffee tours. Guatemala is renowned for its high-quality coffee. Coffee tours take you through coffee-growing regions, such as Antigua and Atitlán, where you can witness the entire coffee production process from bean to cup.
Adventure Tourism
Guatemala offers a wide range of thrilling activities if you are looking for an adrenaline-filled adventure.
Zip-lining in the cloud forests: Strap in and soar through Guatemala's cloud forests on a zip-lining adventure. Tours are available in various locations throughout Guatemala, including the cloud forests near Antigua, Lake Atitlán, and the western highlands.
White-water rafting in Cahabón River: Get ready to ride down the Cahabón River, one of Guatemala's premier white-water rafting destinations. Rush through the rapids and conquer challenging obstacles as you paddle your way through the wilderness.
White-water rafting tours typically range from beginner-friendly excursions to more advanced trips.
Caving and spelunking in Lanquin: Lanquin, located in the Alta Verapaz region, is renowned for its extensive network of caves. Guided spelunking tours offer the opportunity to discover these wonders while learning about their geological and historical significance.
Click here for some of the best tour options when visiting Guatemala!
Off the Beaten Path Destinations
Nebaj and the Ixil Triangle: In the Guatemalan Highlands, Nebaj and the surrounding Ixil Triangle offer a glimpse into indigenous Mayan culture. You can explore traditional villages, hike scenic trails, and see firsthand Mayan traditions and customs.
El Paredon: One of my absolute favorite destinations in Guatemala; is El Paredon. Here, you can escape the crowds and unwind in the laid-back coastal village. It has a huge black sand beach, world-class surfing waves, and a relaxed atmosphere. Whether you're catching waves, watching sunsets, or lounging in a hammock, El Paredon is the perfect spot for beach lovers and those who enjoy the simple things.
Laguna Lachúa: Next, venture off the beaten path to the remote beauty of Laguna Lachúa. Located deep within the cloud forests of Alta Verapaz, this crater lake offers clear waters and abundant wildlife. You can go on a hiking adventure, go birdwatching, or soak in the peace of Guatemala.
Las Conchas Waterfall: Lastly, ignore the advice and chase that waterfall! Prepare to be enchanted by the Las Conchas Waterfall. In the jungles of Petén near the town of Sayaxché, this hidden gem is a must-see.
Cuisine and What to Eat
It’s no secret that food and drinks are one of my favorite parts about traveling and being in new places. With its abundant fresh fruits, vegetables, and spices, Guatemalan food offers a fusion of all sorts of flavors. From hearty stews to savory snacks and sweet treats, there was always something here to satisfy my cravings. Check out some must-try items:
Pepián: A traditional Guatemalan stew made with meat (often chicken or beef), vegetables, and a rich, flavorful sauce thickened with ground seeds, nuts, and spices.
Plátanos en Mole: Ripe plantains cooked in a rich and savory mole sauce made with chocolate, spices, and chili peppers. This dish strikes a perfect balance between sweet and savory flavors.
Atol de Elote is a creamy and sweet corn-based beverage typically enjoyed as a comforting breakfast or dessert. It's made with fresh corn, milk, sugar, and cinnamon, creating a warm and soothing drink.
Tamales: Steamed corn dough filled with various ingredients such as chicken, pork, vegetables, or beans, wrapped in banana leaves or corn husks. Tamales are a staple of Guatemalan cuisine and are often enjoyed during special occasions or holidays.
Ponche: A warm, spiced fruit punch enjoyed during the Christmas season. It's made with a combination of fruits such as pineapple, apples, and raisins, simmered with cinnamon, cloves, and brown sugar.
FAQ Section
Still have questions about visiting Guatemala? No worries, I have more for you. Take a look at these most frequently asked questions by previous travelers in Guatemala:
Is Guatemala safe?
While every country has its safety concerns, Guatemala is generally safe. I have been more than once myself and never felt like I was in danger and everyone was always extremely friendly and helpful.
Can I drink the tap water in Guatemala?
If you aren’t used to it, it's recommended to avoid drinking tap water in Guatemala. Stick to bottled or boiled water for drinking.
What are the typical costs of food in Guatemala?
The cost of food in Guatemala varies depending on where you eat. Street food and local eateries are usually more affordable, while restaurants in tourist areas may be pricier. On average, a meal at a local restaurant can range from $5 to $12 USD.
Are credit cards widely accepted in Guatemala?
Yes and no. Credit cards are accepted in larger cities and tourist areas, but they are much less accepted in smaller towns and other locations around the country. Try your best to always carry some cash when traveling in Guatemala.
Can I use US dollars in Guatemala, or do I need to exchange currency?
While some places may accept US dollars, it's better to use the local currency, the Guatemalan quetzal (GTQ). You can exchange currency at bank exchange offices or withdraw cash from ATMs. While you can use USD, you will always receive your change in GTQ, which will likely be a higher exchange rate.
What are the options for volunteering or engaging in community-based projects in Guatemala?
There are numerous volunteer opportunities in Guatemala, ranging from environmental conservation projects to working with children or communities in need. Consider Volunteer World or World Packers.
How do I navigate language barriers while traveling in Guatemala?
While Spanish is the official language of Guatemala, English is still widely spoken, especially amongst the younger generation. Learning some basic Spanish phrases can be helpful for communication, and always remember that hand signals go a long way.
Pro Tip: Guatemala is actually the top destination in the Americas for learning and studying English. There are many Spanish schools scattered around the country, and many of them offer accommodation, homestays, or language exchange options. I plan on doing this on my next trip to Guatemala, and I can't wait.
Click here for more guides on Central America!
While this is certainly not the last you’ll hear of Guatemala, I hope that this guide has given you an excellent introduction and inspired you to dive deeper into this Central American gem. I can’t wait to teach you more about my favorite destination in the world.